![]() This research adopts a mixed research method, it collates and analysed data on the perception of users and designers, in inculcating sustainable design solutions. Design/Methodology: The emphasis is on the Building envelope and shading in higher educational buildings. This study investigates energy efficiency in higher education buildings with a view to developing a conceptual energy efficient framework for sustainable higher educational building design in Nigeria. Retrofitting is needed in buildings to make them more energy efficient. The building sector is responsible for over 40% of total primary energy consumption across the globe and almost 30% of the world's total Carbon Dioxide (CO2) emissions and therefore plays a critical role in addressing global energy and climate change issues. Global energy and climatic challenges have necessitated new ideas and investments in developing energy-efficient strategies in the building industry. Purpose: Energy efficiency, often referred to as efficient energy use, is aimed at reducing the amount of energy required for cooling, heating, ventilation and lighting in buildings to create desirable thermal comfort conditions. The study also revealed that integration of a Building Management System would significantly reduce resource utilization within the building. The research findings show that the overall energy consumption of Institutional buildings could easily be reduced by about 40% through the design of envelopes suited to the micro-climate of the particular site, proper selection of construction materials vis-a-vis their thermal performance, extensive use of day-lighting, wise utilization of water and good building waste management systems as well as utilization of Energy Efficient Appliances within the building. ![]() ECOTECT, a Building energy performance analysis tool was employed to quantify the effect of both the conventional and Energy Efficient Building Envelopes to the overall energy consumption of the buildings. The study mainly considered the effect of building envelope designs and orientation to the energy consumption of the buildings. The aim of this paper is to present findings of the comparative study carried out on Institutional buildings at Strathmore University-Nairobi, Kenya and Makerere University-Kampala, Uganda. Institutions are amongst the major consumers of energy in any country most of which is utilized within buildings, thus a thorough critique of the building envelope is necessary to reduce energy wastage within them. ![]() As a result most Institutional buildings in the region do not incorporate the issue of energy efficiency at the design, construction and utilization stages. To date, insufficient attention has been afforded to the design and energy performance of Institutional buildings in East Africa.
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